Drought – a growing problem

Summer brings not only sun and holiday adventures, but also increasingly serious challenges related to climate change.

One of the most pressing problems that nature has to face is drought. This phenomenon, which is, among other things, the result of long-term rainfall deficiencies, has a destructive impact on the environment, agriculture and the everyday lives of people around the world.

Drought is a problem that affects not only farmers, but also the entire society. The warming climate means that periods without rainfall are becoming longer, which ultimately leads to the drying up of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Water scarcity reduces crop yields and increases food prices.

Drought – a growing problem

The latest report of the Institute of Fertilization and Soil Science – National Research Institute (IUNG – PIB) brings disturbing news. Drought is intensifying, affecting larger and larger areas. According to the study, in the period from May 1 to June 30, 2024, the average value of the Climatic Water Balance (KBW) for the country, on the basis of which the threat level is assessed, was negative and amounted to -121 mm. This means that the water deficit in the current period, compared to the previous one, has increased by 3 mm.

In turn, the report of thePolish Economic Institute indicates that in the years 2004-2020, as a result of water shortages, damage to agriculture amounted annually to an average of PLN 3.9 to even 6.5 billion. Additionally, extremely high temperatures are expected in the coming weeks, which will further worsen the situation in agricultural farms.

A drop worth its weight in gold

It is worth noting that Poland is one of the countries with the smallest drinking water resources in Europe, per capita. One person consumes approximately 1,580 m3 of water per year – as much as an average resident of Egypt. At home, most of it is used for everyday hygiene activities, and the least for drinking and cooking. In order to rationally manage this valuable resource, we should take care of our habits.

–Each of us has the influence to reduce the effects of drought through simple actions. Saving water at home is the first step. Shorter showers, turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or repairing leaking ones can significantly reduce water consumption. In addition, it would be good to consider installing a rainwater collection system, which can be successfully used at home and in the garden – notes Lisa Scoccimarro, leader of the Amest Otwock Ecological Academy.